Characterization of Lady Macbeth :: essays research papers

     Many have attempted to characterize the character of Lady Macbeth, maybe the most vital character of Shakespeare’s amazing story of lethal desire, Macbeth. As the play opens and Lady Macbeth is presented, her intentions are not completely obvious until her second appearance in Act II Scene 2. As her inspiration is acknowledged, it appears to be truly awful. As the play unfurls, it appears that Lady Macbeth is quite crazy. In this exposition I will endeavor to dig into the character of Lady Macbeth and endeavor to reveal some insight into her activities and job in Macbeth’s peak, and defeat.      When Lady Macbeth initially shows up in Act I Scene V, she is perusing a letter sent to her by Macbeth. At the point when Lady Macbeth finds out about the witches’ prediction, she starts questioning that Macbeth has what is important to exploit this. This is best exemplified by propositions lines â€Å"What thou craftsmanship guaranteed. However do I dread thy nature;/It is too full o’ th’ milk of human kindness† (Pg. 318, 15-16) in this entry she is proposing that Macbeth is brimming with the normal human sentiments of empathy and dependability. She at that point assumes the liability of Macbeth’s prediction working out. She guarantees that she will reprove all that obstructs Macbeth from the â€Å"golden round† or the crown. In another monologue she professes to surrender her womanliness so as to be more qualified for the lethal deeds ahead. So Lady Macbeth has just started a change into an individual who is overwhelmed by in satiability and want.      Her inspiration is currently clear, she wants that Macbeth become King, without a doubt for the influence, riches, and social control that would go with this position. At whatever point Macbeth started to vacillate, she started to scrutinize his masculinity, with an end goal to control him, which made him set aside any doubts and carry out the grimy thing. Towards Act III an IV Macbeth starts to assume responsibility, yet Lady Macbeth is still out of sight, ensuring that Macbeth’s position of King is made sure about.      In end I feel that Lady Macbeth is by a long shot the most convincing character in the play.

Female Empowerment In The Developing Countries Sociology Essay

Female Empowerment In The Developing Countries Sociology Essay Throughout the years, the issues of sex disparity and female strengthening in the creating nations and Sub-Saharan Africa specifically have been a call for worry by neighborhood, national, Sub-local, provincial and worldwide Institutions and governments as such to advance turn of events. Not at all like ladies in the created provinces who are, in relative terms financially enabled and have a ground-breaking voice that requests a group of people, and constructive activity, ladies in the creating nations have been commonly quiet and their voices have been smothered by monetary and social elements. In Sub-Saharan Africa, financial and social elements, combined with institutional components direct sexual orientation based division of work, rights, obligations, openings and access to and power over assets. Notwithstanding, proficiency, instruction, business, access to media just as dynamic are probably the most questioned zones of sexual orientation divergence and female strengthening in SSA. (UNDP 2005) Be that as it may, this venture is center to break down why the procedure of sex and female strengthening is lower than anticipated in SSA. Thusly, to have an adaptable comprehension of the breaks down, the undertaking would investigate the issues of sex and strengthening in SSA and to focus on some nation statics and examinations on sexual orientation varieties in urban and rustic milieus. To have a fair introduction of the investigations, the venture would utilize the modernization and disparity hypothesis to contend the realities. Ongoing investigations demonstrate that ladies in the creating nations and SSA specifically, need enough access to beneficial assets, for example, land, instruction, business, wellbeing administrations, dynamic, essential human rights and unsafe customary pointers are a portion of the financial minimization of ladies in these social orders. Investigates Sexual orientation and instruction: In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Right recognized that everybody has the option to go to class (UDHR article 26), yet instructive disparity is as yet a significant infringement of privileges of ladies and young ladies and a significant hindrance to social, financial and self-improvement in SSA. From that point forward, various settlements and announcements have been received to transform these yearnings into the real world, however all things considered separation on female instruction stays unavoidable in many social orders of SSA. (UNESCO 2003) According to DFID (2006), in Sub-Saharan Africa, the most elevated quantities of out of school young ladies are in Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria and Mozambique. Thinking about the instance of Mozambique in SSA, sexual orientation dissimilarity in essential, auxiliary and particularly tertiary instruction ceaselessly endure in spite of government and global specifications. Following a CIA 2006 report Mozambique has a populace of 19.7million and 800,000 square km. what's more, as one of the biggest poor nations in southern Africa, faces a lot of interesting advancement difficulties, for example, physical and social-social framework and viable neighborhood organization is far lacking behind. (CIA 2006) An UNDP (2004) report likewise calls attention to that 32 percent of the populace is 6-18 years old with yearly populace development pace of 2.3 percent and kid death rate is 152 for each 1000 and most Mozambicans are not expected to endure over 40 years old because of HIV/AIDS, intestinal sickness, and extraordinary neediness which young ladies and ladies are the most helpless. Following a comparative view, essential training is necessary and free, however yet guardians can't manage the cost of school requirements for children, for example, school outfits, books, shoes and other related materials, as a result of destitution and other customary impacts and the undeniable outcome is drop out from school and the most influenced are young ladies. (UNDP 2004) For the most part, sexual orientation hole in access to training articulates more in the auxiliary and tertiary levels in the creating nations and SSA specifically than in essential level. In an article of UNFPA (2005), in light of 2001/2002 thousand years pointer information base of United Nations, the proportion of female enlistment in the auxiliary school per 100 young men is 46 in Benin, 57 in Equatorial Guinea, 60 in Cambodia, 62 in Djibouti and 65 in Burkina Faso. The report in this manner show that uniqueness in instruction increments at more elevated level of studies in most creating nations of SSA (UNFPA 2005) In spite of the fact that the issue of sex uniqueness in instruction have been influenced by neediness and customary changes, the legislature and International Institutions have taken intense measures to guarantee a parity in training on both genders in most creating social orders and networks (SSA). However there is as yet a great contrast among country and urban enlistment in a large portion of this social orders. In any case, the issue of sexual orientation imbalance stays a reality in instructive division however may liken as time slips by in SSA. Sexual orientation and work: One of the zones where there is high sexual orientation divergence among guys and female in SSA is at the business status which is showed at word related isolation, sex based-wage holes, womenâ's abuse portrayal in the casual work, unpaid occupations and higher joblessness proportion (UNDP 2005) if advancement isn't caused it is imperiled (on the same page) This implies the way that ladies are under-spoken to in the conventional part hampers improvement since customary Muslim ladies and provincial African ladies are for the most part occupied with local unpaid employments. As ladies in Sub-Saharan Africa have low status in the network, the exercises they perform will in general be less esteemed and that clarifies why womenâ's low status is executed by their low status exercises (on the same page). Everywhere ladies are most exceedingly awful paid than men in a similar work done(Hedman 1996 p; 19) inside and out investigations on ladies business status by Hindin (2005) demonstrated that solitary 17% ladies in Zimbabwe, 12% in Zambia and 4% in Malawi are utilized at higher status paid occupations in the interim the particular rates of ladies whose accomplices have higher status employments are 52, 43 and 53 rates (Hindin 2005, p; 121) Ladies are overrepresented in the casual segment in the creating nations particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The 2009 World Economic Forum Gender Gap Report holds that ladies in SSA have extremely troublesome working conditions and even brutal especially in nations with higher casual parts. These ladies have vague work places, hazardous and undesirable working conditions and regularly low degree of aptitudes and profitability. They get low or unpredictable livelihoods; have long working hours, need access to data, showcase, fund preparing and innovation. As per a similar report, country African ladies are the most influenced by this circumstance, around 85 % in Somalia, 70 % in Gambia and 90 % in Zimbabwe separately. (WEFGGR 2009) Following a BBC world news report 2005, rustic African ladies don't approach media to get more data on showcase circumstance and world patterns since the vast majority of them are ignorant people, poor and neighborhood ranchers. As per this report, under 2% of country Sub-Saharan African ladies read paper and ladies are hindered with respect to ladies access to stare at the TV. The report demonstrated that in the year 2000, among young ladies and ladies matured 6-49, just 3.6% and 6.9% approached TV in Malawi and Rwanda separately. (BBC world news report 2005) Work sexual orientation isolation is generally found in provincial zones than urban communities in creating nations. Take for example in Cameroon in SSA, business sex related issue are lower in huge urban areas, for example, Yaoundã ©, Douala, Baffoussam, Ebolowa, Bamenda and numerous other significant urban communities than in country edge towns where the fundamental wellspring of work is cultivating. Here ladies do the heft of the activity however casual yet are consigned at the foundation as a result of customary convictions. Nearby cultivating is the principle wellspring of business, yet conventional standards don't give ladies access to landownership, credit accounts and an entangled legacy custom is drilled. (Cameroon tribune 2004) Sexual orientation and Decision making: The way that Sub-Saharan African ladies have low access to training, business possibilities and couple with constrained media get to and other social changes limits their dynamic force as a rule and in the family unit too. (UNDP 2005) No general public treat it ladies equivalent to men (on the same page). Concerning making at family level, neighborhood level, network level, and national degree of ladies in Africa, however parliamentary portrayal has softly increment, no nation on the planet has arrive at sexual orientation equality level in choice making.(ibid). As per information get from the thousand years improvement marker of the United Nations; refered to in UNPFA (2005) ladies speak to 16% of world parliamentary seats, 21% in the created world, and 14% in the creating nations. This negligible parliamentary portrayal of ladies could be expected, among different issues, distinctive constituent frameworks in various nations, womenâ's financial status, socio-social status, convent ional and other social convictions of womenâ's place in the family and society and obviously womenâ's twofold weight of work and obligations. (UNFPA 2005) Womenâ's low choice force, especially in SSA, is more articulated at the provincial than urban areas just as in house hold choices making. As indicated by an overview completed by Emmanuel Vasty (1993) about half of ladies in the Northern Muslim locale of Nigeria expressed that they can't uninhibitedly buy childrenâ's attire without the full choice of their better half nor convey a kid to the emergency clinic without the approval of their spouses. This they guarantee is as per Muslim convention and convictions that a man is predominant in each viewpoint and in this way they need to surrender to menâ's requests. (Emmanuel, 1993 p; 74) Additionally, information of low choice force making is found in the breaks down of Hindin (2005) in join SSA nations, for example, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Somalia and Cameroon. A

The United States and Cuba: An Embargo for the Ages Essay -- Essays P

The United States and Cuba: An Embargo for the Ages Cuba’s beautiful history can be recorded to before the times of the American Revolution in 1776, however today, American approach legitimately influences numerous Cubans’ ways of life as a result of an about 45-year-old exchange ban that has been put on the island country. It is vital to break down the advancement of Cuba and its neighboring island countries so as to observe the explanations behind Cuba’s current political circumstance with the United States. The accompanying paper will examine the occasions that formed Cuba and bigger Caribbean countries like Haiti, the Dominican Republic and Jamaica; next, a nitty gritty depiction of Cuba’s violent history will help in clarifying the Cuban change into a communist economy; at that point, a definite record of the U.S. ban on Cuba will report the high points and low points of the strategy right to the current day; at last, the present news encompassing American-Cuban relations will portray the latest happen ings in the continuous debates between the two countries. Before dissecting the circumstance paving the way to the Cuban ban, it is essential to take a gander at the historical backdrop of the advancement of the Caribbean overall. This implies examining the components that prompted the cutting edge improvement of islands like Hispaniola (comprising of Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Jamaica, and obviously Cuba. It is additionally basic to watch and look at the monetary and social changes that came about because of these islands’ shifts from pioneer stations to free makers. It appears to be essential to take a gander at all of these islands independently, as every one has its own one of a kind foundation that clarifies its place on the planet today. These islands additionally share numerous strikingly comparable qualities. Up... ...n that U.S. agents need to exchange with Cuba. The issue lies behind the interests that drive the U.S. government, and until those interests are fulfilled, it is suspicious that this ban will go anyplace at any point in the near future. References http://story.news.yahoo.com http://www.countryreports.org http://www.cubatravelusa.com http://www.dominicanrepublic.com http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/segment/Jamaica_History.asp http://www.factrover.com/Jamaica.html http://www.haiti.org http://www.hispaniola.com http://www.historyofcuba.com/cuba.htm http://www.uscubacommission.org/history.html http://www.ustreas.gov http://www.worldrover.com http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2004-02-26-us-cuba_x.htm http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/ Kaplowitz, Donna Rich. Life structures of a Failed Embargo. Rock, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998.

Issues Concerned With Developing Oversea Operations Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

The report summarises the issues arising when KW DT Ltd is trying to establish its operations in an overseas destination. The report briefly describes the issues for chosen Location Singapore. The advantages of choosing Singapore as a location are covered. The issues covered include the differences in the accounting standards across countries. The accounting differences will include the estimation and consideration of various risks such as translation and transaction exposure. Also issues of taxation and transfer pricing need to be addressed. In addition, for starting a new branch, it is of utmost importance that the cultural differences be patched up. For this it becomes imperative to understand the cultural differences first. The aspect has been briefly touched upon. Objective To understand the accounting and other issues which will arise and which must be considered when developing an overseas operation in locations selected amongst Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea. Introduction KW DT Ltd, until now has been operating from Australia. It has been invoicing primarily in Australian Dollars and hence it has not been exposed much to the risks of fluctuations in the exchange rates. However, when it is considering establishing itself in other countries, it will have to face several issues. These will include the accounting issues such as differences in standards and procedures, the risks due to currency fluctuations and the taxation issues. In addition, KW DT Ltd will also have to consider the legal procedures for setting up a unit in a foreign destination where the legal procedures will be different from Australia. Lastly, due to differences in culture, the people management has to be handled tactically. Prudence lies in an understanding of these issues so that appropriate measures can be taken. Location Chosen Singapore is ranked 1st in the world in the ease of doing business by the World Bank. The report describes the issues and concerns if KW DT ltd decides to set up a branch in Singapore (World Bank Site). On the same parameters, Australia ranks 9. Advantages of Setting up a branch in Singapore For KW DT Ltd, setting up a branch in foreign country should basically provide three most important benefits. Succinctly stated these would be Strong Foothold in International Markets Cost advantage Tax benefits Singapore provides advantage in all the three aspects Foothold in International Markets Singapore is strategically located. It has access to most international markets. It is an integral part of the ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations). Hence enjoys trade relations with several markets both inter region and intra region. In addition the maritime routes enable Singapore an important destination. Setting up a branch in Singapore will definitely help KW DT ltd expand rapidly. Cost Advantage Singapore has efficient, hardworking labour available at relatively low cost. Hence the prospect of setting up a branch seems more lucrative. Tax Advantages The tax regime in Singapore is highly conducive for the corporate. The Income taxes as well as the corporate tax are low compared to several other nations. The tax rates shall be detailed further down the report. Although there are several benefits in setting up a branch in Singapore, there are also several issues and risks that need to be addressed. Some of the important ones include Accounting Differences Accounting standards differ across different countries. The differences occur due to following of accounting standards established by the supreme authority of the country. Singapore has modelled its accounting standards to match the IFRS. Whereas, the accounting standard followed in Australia happens to follow Australian Accounting Standards. Currency Exposure (Bennett, 2006) Until the firm was invoicing in Australian dollars, it was not facing currency risk. However, now that the branch is being set up in Singapore and its earnings will be in Singapore dollars, it will face currency risk. Currency exposure will include Foreign currency terms denominated in the balance sheet Actual, physical purchases and sales of goods and services which have yet to be involved Contracted purchases and sales such as long term contracts to purchase capital equipment and Uncontracted foreign currency denominated receipts and payments which will materialize if forecasted trading activity is realized. The exposure can take the form of translation, transaction or economic exposure. Translation exposure When the assets and liabilities in the balance sheet are converted to the foreign currency, their value is changed. This results in gain or loss. For instance if Singapore branch is reporting its asset in its local currency, when the balance sheet is translated into Australian dollars at the prevalent exchange rate, the balance sheet values change. Exchange rate movements from one balance sheet date to the next produce a period-to-period difference in the value of the Singapore Branchs balance sheet. Year Net Assets Exchange Rate 1 SGD= Australian Dollar Equivalent 1 SGD 20400000 AUD 0.77 $15708000 2 SGD 20400000 AUD 0.80 $16320000 3 SGD 20400000 AUD 0.75 $15300000 From the table, although the net asset value remains the same in Singapore dollars, the Australian dollar Equivalent changes because of the fluctuations in exchange rate. This brings a risk to KW DT Ltd. The company might need to undertake hedging depending on its acc ounting policies. Translation exposure affects the book values however; it doesnt affect the cash flows. Hence the company might assume its stand on hedging from no hedging to complete hedging. Transaction Exposure If the exchange rate changes during the course of a deal, this affects the cash flows to the company. This particular risk is termed as the Transaction exposure. For example if the branch set up in Singapore still sources its components from U.S on 30 days payment terms, the transaction is billed in dollars as follows Price to Singapore branch USD 1000000 Exchange Rate at order date 1SGD = 0.76 USD Expected cost in SGD = 1315789.4 SGD However, the SGD-USD exchange rates fluctuate to become 1SGD = 0.75 USD The cost in SGD becomes 1333333.3 USD Thus we see in addition to considering AUD- USD exchange rate, the company also has to consider SGD USD exchange rate. In order to avoid this loss, the company will have to undertake hedging. The company can use derivatives such as future contracts or currency options in order to cover its exposure. By entering into future contracts, the company can fix the exchange rates at which it will exchange SGD for USDs and hence be certain of the costs that it will have to incur to source its components at a future date. The issue is in reporting the exposures while preparing the Annual reports for KW DT ltd. Reporting the Differences The exposures mentioned above introduce changes in the book values and the profit and loss statement for the company. Hence accounting standards provide provision for the same. While KW DT ltd is preparing its consolidated books, it will have to keep in mind the provisions and mandate in the Australian Standards for accounting. The accounting standards applicable of interest include the AASB 121 (the Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates) and AASB 139 (Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement). AASB 121 (Aus1) This standard specifies the accounting procedures and standards to be followed. Foreign operations translate balances into functional currency: The exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction is used for conversion from domestic to foreign currency. Closing rate is used to convert the monetary items on Balance Sheet. For items reported at historical cost, the exchange rate on the date of transaction is used. The differences, gains and losses are recognised under equity as ultimately these values affect the equity component. Foreign operations transactions When the foreign currency is reported in the domestic currency, the following have to be effected Closing period exchange rate is used for conversion purposes in case of monetary items. For non monetary items, the conversion is carried out using the exchange rate on the date when revaluation is being carried out. The differences in the values of transaction arising out of currency translation are recognised as income and expenses in the profit and loss account. In addition to considering the above points, it is also essential that disclosures should also comply with the standards specified under AASB 121. These include Profit and loss arising out of the currency translations The differences recognised under equity have to be reconciled and disclosed The reason for the change in currency in case the reporting currency and the currency of transaction are not the same. AASB 139 (Aus2) This standard specifies the accounting procedures and standards to be followed in case of using hedging instruments. Hedged Items The standard recognises a hedged item as one of the following. It can be an asset, a liability, a commitment of the firm, an investment in a foreign entity or a probable future transaction. Hedge Accounting The hedging could be carried out to ensure consistent cash flows, to maintain the value of assets or to protect form the risks of an investment. For Cash flow hedges, the change in the value of the instrument is recognised under equity in the balance sheet. To maintain the fair value of assets, the change in the value of the instrument is recognised in the profit and loss account. The accounting for net investment hedge is carried out in a similar manne to the accounting of the Cash flow hedge. Taxation The tax regimes in both the countries differ. Singapore has progressive taxation policy which makes it friendly for companies and investors. Double taxation has been done away with I Singapore. The dividends are exempt from taxation and the final tax is one paid on the taxable income. In addition, Capital gains are also not taxed. This makes the gain in sale of assets more profitable. Summary of Taxes (Solution, 2010) Tax Rate: 8.5% for taxable income till S$ 300,000 per annum Flat rate of 17% beyond that Capital Tax gain: Capital gains are not taxed Dividend Tax Gain: It is not a part of taxable income Tax Basis: All resident and foreign entities are considered at par in Singapore. However, the local laws allow resident companies to avail special benefits and rebates Taxable Income: Includes income from any trade, profession or vocation. Also included are gains in these professions. Singapore Taxation (TaxLaw) Singapore has tax treaty with Australia. Hence Australia applies taxes on Singapore companies according to the terms negotiated in the treaty. According to the treaty the resident country is mandated to remove double taxation on income from the foreign country. Hence essentially the burden of taxation is being shared by the countries. The tax relief is called Double Taxation relief DTR. In Singapore the claim is made while filing the annual income tax return. Ap propriate disclosures have to be made. There are three different methods by which tax exemption can be obtained by a foreign entity in Singapore. These can be stated as follows Reduced tax rate Under this form of relief, interest, dividends, royalties and profits from international shipping and air transport are taxed at a lower rate. Relief by deduction In case the foreign company has taxed the income in its country, the income is not taxed again in Singapore. This exemption helps Singapore attract investments. The regulations require companies to disclose the headline tax rates in their countries and corresponding benefits are provided in terms of tax relief in Singapore. Tax sparing credit Tax sparing credits are another means of providing tax relief to encourage investments in Singapore. Singapore has entered into tax treaties with countries such that Singapore will provide tax credits on royalties earned by Australia in Singapore. Hence the taxpaying company will have to pay lesser tax in Australia by the credits that it has been provided. The benefit to the companies is in availing these credits. KW DT Ltd can look forward for this benefit while setting up its base in Singapore. Withholding tax A part of remittances of entities operating out of Singapore to their parent companies in foreign countries is retained and is called as the withholding tax. Withholding tax on management fees, technical fees and service fees, the withholding tax is applicable at 17%. Also all the withholding taxes have to be paid by the 15th of the month as required by the mandate. Terms of Taxation in Australia In Australia, since 2004, income earned by an Australian Resident Corporation (AUSCO) through a foreign branch is exempted from paying corporate income tax. Hence income from Singapore branch of KW DT Ltd shall not be taxed. (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2008). Similarly, capital gains and capital losses realized by AUSCO as part of their business operations are not included in the taxable income while calculating the applicable corporate income tax. In addition a provision entitles the companies to offset their income using foreign losses. This law is in place since July 2008. Transfer Pricing Firms that have branches and international dealings in other nations might resort to practises like paying lesser taxes than compared to counter parts in Australia. This is done by manipulating the prices such that country where income tax is lower is likely to receive higher income to save taxes. This is called as shifting of profits. The transfer pricing laws in Australia aim to remove such incidences. To counter this, arms length pricing is employed. Hence, KW DT ltd. will be subjected to reviews and audit in order to ascertain that transfer pricing and international profit shifting is not taking place in related party transactions. The Arms Length price is used as a benchmark to determine if the transfer pricing is being followed. The principle compares related party transactions and transactions between independent bodies. In order to discourage transfer pricing, Schedule 25A is mandatory for companies to fill in while filing returns. Hence all companies that have internati onal dealings are required to fill in this form. (Government, 2005) The current Schedule 25A imposes obligations to disclose information about related party international dealings, including The nature and amount of certain categories of transactions Details of interest-free loans Receipts or payments of non-monetary consideration Details of arms length methodologies used The level of documentation held to support the selection and application of the most appropriate arms length methodologies, and Details of disposals of any interest in a capital asset Appropriate disclosures help minimize the risk. In case of violations, the firm is subjected to penalties and price adjustments. Hence to avoid such situations, KW DT Ltd will have to ensure compliance with Transfer pricing policies. Political Issues It is the political environment that determines the laws in a country. Singapore has a stable democratic political system. Hence the laws are favourable for business. The laws lay emphasis on efficiency and help businessmen flourish in Singapore. In addition the relationships between Australia and Singapore have always been cordial. SAFTA agreement signed in 2003 is a reiteration of the fact that both the countries have strategic outlook in promoting cordial relationships (Department of Foreign Affairs, Australia). Hence, business is facilitated in Singapore for KW DT Ltd. Legal Issues While registering a branch in Singapore, the laws of the land have to be given due importance. Legal Status Singapore laws do not differentiate between a Singapore Branch Office from the foreign entity and the head office situated in another country outside Singapore. Any legal action against a Singapore Branch is also applicable to the head office. This has to be borne in mind by KWDT Ltd. Most of the foreign companies prefer to register as a subsidiary company in Singapore rather than declaring their office as their branch. (10Tu). In addition, the approval on the name of the entity has to be sought from the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA). Another consideration for establishing Singapore branch is that the branch must have two employees who should necessarily be the residents of Singapore. The employees should be on payrolls accepting the services and serving the company. They are called to be acting as agents for the company. Cultural issues Jeffrey Braithwaite et al. ( (Jeffrey Braithwaite, 2007) describe the differences in culture in Singapore and Australia. They mention that Singapore is a high power distance and low Individualism culture whereas Australia is low power distance and high individualism culture. Singapore is characterized by employees fearing their superiors and considering co employees as threat. Managers are less considerate, typical of high power cultures. Also consistent with the high individualism cultures, Singapore work culture is described to demonstrate calculative involvement with the work organizations and the lack of concept of organization taking care of employees. Australian employees on the other hand are more involved with their organizations and expect their organizations to look after them. Also the distance between those in power and those who arent is not so evident. In addition, Australians are more casual compared to Singaporeans and hence might appear brash to the local Singaporeans who tend to be more formal and conservative in their interaction. Hence when KW DT Ltd is considering a new office in Singapore, it has to be sensitive to these issues while dealing with people and formulating its HR policies. Conclusion Having identified the issues, it is imperative that KW DT Ltd takes appropriate measures to counter these issues. For instance to ensure that currency exposure doesnt affect the cash flows, hedging would be an option. Similarly, compliance with legal requirements should be ensured to avoid penalties and lastly, people management has to be effective in order to avoid employees resentment. The basic issues that need to be addressed have been listed down for KW DT Ltd to establish its operations in Singapore.

The Role Of Power In The Kite Runner, By Khaled Hosseini

Within every person, there exists some type of power, but it is the way one uses it that defines if they are good or evil. Power is always unpredictable, it captivates the worst and corrupts the best. In rough times people need leaders to look up to, a voice to guide them and actions to be taken. This leader can either abuse or use the power correctly. For example, in Afghanistan in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the political conflicts caused many people to flee, but some brave individuals stood around to take over the violent and oppressive rulers. This power isn’t just used in political complications but it is also expressed in social life. It is used in homosexual and heterosexual relationships. Usually, one half feels as though they†¦show more content†¦He always makes sure to use his money for the poor in Kabul and not for selfish reasons. Baba even made the decision â€Å"to build an orphanage† for all the parentless kids in the capital (Hosseini 13). H is wealth, Pashtun ethnicity, and gender make him almost God like. All of these characteristics make his good deeds seem that much stronger. Although he has all this economic, gender and cultural power he never loses his right mindfulness, believing that stealing is the biggest sin of them all. Presuming that When you kill a man, you steal a life, Baba said. You steal his wifes right to a husband, rob his children of a father. When you tell a lie, you steal someones right to the truth. When you cheat, you steal the right to fairness (Hosseini 18). He also believes in standing up for people, such as the moment when he stands up to the Russian soldier and almost takes a bullet for a woman who he does not know in order for her not to get violently raped. Research shows that political and social power is not corrupting but freeing to a human being, it gives them confidence and a voice to act on (Resnick). It also turns out â€Å"that power does not always lead to bad behavior and can actually make leaders more sensitive to the needs of others†(Hutson). Power can put things in order, without a leader or someone in a higher rank, no one would know who to blame for problems or who to receive answers from. Although all of this evidence portrays how power is usedShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner and King Lear Comparative Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesThe Kite Runner and King Lear Comparative Essay Families play a large role in our world. Sometimes families keep you together but at other times they can tear you apart. The subject of family is a major theme in Khaled Hosseinis extraordinary novel, The Kite Runner and Shakespeare’s well-known tragedy, King Lear. In both of these writings, family is a constant theme that occurs throughout both works of literature. 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The quintessential message of this book relies on the idea of second chances. Themes of redemptionRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini3402 Words   |  14 Pagestitle â€Å"The Kite Runner† is symbolic as fighting kites and the kite runnings are impacting moments in the novel. Hassan was the best kite runner in Kabul, if not the whole country, after Amir won the kite fighting the running of that last blue kite triggered the monumental changes for Amir. For the beginning of the story the kite running was associated with Hassan’s rape and Amir’s grief. As kites appear throughout the story, they begin Amir’s story and also end it. Amir flying the kite with SohrabRead MoreEssay about The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini993 Words   |  4 Pagesand actions taken by the sons. Perhaps, the overbearing testosterone levels claim responsibility for the apparent need for sons to impress their fathers, but not all boys consider the realistic consequences of their decisions. 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Motivation The Reason For On Acting A Particular Way.

Motivation : The reason for on acting a particular way. Alone and for the right reason motivation can be an extremely powerful tool for success and well-being. Yet, what is it that provokes motivation ? Many studies have been conclusive to culture and religion being an enormous trigger to motivation. Why is that exactly? To answer this question one should examine what hinders motivation. Many young people suffer from identity and social issues, such as not truly knowing who they are, anxiety and questioning of their morals. Even though religions differ, it enables one to realize who they truly are, reduce anxiety and creates lifelong morals. In this ever changing world what does one hold on to, ensuring they do not disappear with†¦show more content†¦On the basis of Stace s conceptualization, Hood (1975) developed the Mysticism Scale (M-Scale) to measure these eight phenomenological characteristics of religious experience† ( Lazar, Aryeh. â€Å"Cultural In fluences on Religious Experience and Motivation.†) All of theses qualities or experiences are vital to identifying oneself. Looking closer into the study it suggest that having an insight on your religion and culture creates a less introverted person and more willing to adventure and explore along with being uninfluenced by others opinions. They even gathered real life testimonials to back up their study. â€Å" Factor analysis of the M-Scale has uncovered a three-factor solution (Hood et al. 1993). Hood et al. identified the first factor of their three-factor solution with Stace s (1960) extrovertive mysticism, defined as the experience of unity with all and containing two qualities: unity in diversity (e.g., I have had an experience in which I realized the oneness of myself with all things) and inner subjectivity (e.g., I have had an experience in which all things seemed to be conscious). The second factor was identified with Stace s introvertive mysticism, defined as an experience of self-loss, contained the following three qualities: unity of ego (e.g., I have had an experience inShow MoreRelatedKants Views on Morality949 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the reason for doing a particular action or the drive to do good things is a fundamental basis of defining moral quality in a person. To him, an action could be considered morally right only if the motivation behind doing that action was out of ‘goodwill’. 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Analysis of KFC free essay sample

The secret recipe has long been a source of advertising, and allowed KFC to set itself apart. Also, KFC was the first chain to enter the fast-food industry, just before McDonalds, which opened its first store a year later, and the secret recipe was the initial home replacement strategy. 2. Name recognition and reputation. KFCs early entrance into the fast-food industry in 1954 allowed KFC to develop strong brand name recognition and a strong foothold in the industry. The Colonel is KFCs original owner and a very recognizable figure, both in the U. S. and internationally, in their new logo. In fact, in the fourth annual LogoValue Survey, done by The Schecter Group, the KFC logo was the only one which significantly enhance the brands image (Logos add†¦1). 3. PepsiCos success with the management of fast food chains. PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in 1977, and Taco Bell in 1978. PepsiCo used many of the same promotional strategies that it has used to market soft drinks and snack food. By the time PepsiCo bought KFC in 1986, the company already dominated two of the four largest and fastest-growing segments of the fast food industry (Wright, p. 424-426). 4. Traditional employee loyalty. KFCs culture was built largely on Colonel Sanders laid back approach to management (Wright, p. 433). Before the acquisition of KFC by PepsiCo, employees at KFC enjoyed good benefits, a pension, and could receive help with other non-income needs. This kind of personal human resources management makes for a loyal workforce (Wright, p. 434). 5. Improving operating efficiencies by reducing overhead and other operating costs can directly affect operating profit. Due to the strong competition in the US, the fast-food chains are reluctant to raise prices to increase profit. Many of the chains are turning to operating efficiencies to increase profit. For many companies, operating efficiencies are achieved through improvements in customer service, cleaner restaurants, faster and friendlier service, and continued high-quality products. Weaknesses Weaknesses are also found internally like strengths. Weaknesses, however, can limit a company’s potential. The weaknesses for KFC are identified as follows: 1. The many sales of KFC lead to a confusing corporate direction. Between 1971 and 1986, KFC was sold three times. The first two sales, to Heublein, Inc and to R. J. Reynolds, left the company largely autonomous. It wasnt until the sale to PepsiCo in 1986 that changes in top management started to take place. These changes happened almost immediately after the sale (Wright, p. 421-426). 2. KFC has a long time to market with new products. Because of the nature of the chicken segment of the fast food industry, innovation was never a primary strategy for KFC. However, during the late 1980s, other fast food chains, such as McDonalds, began to offer chicken as a menu option. During this time, McDonalds had already introduced the McChicken while KFC was still testing its own chicken sandwich. This delay significantly increased the cost of developing consumer awareness for the KFC sandwich. 3. Conflicting cultures of KFC and Pepsi Co. While KFCs culture was largely based on the Colonels laid back approach to management, while PepsiCos culture is more of a fast track attitude. Employees do not have the same level of job security that they enjoyed before the PepsiCo acquisition (Wright, p. 433-434). 4. Turnover in top management. PepsiCo bought KFC in 1986. By the summer of 1990 PepsiCos own management had replaced all of the top KFC managers. However, by 1995 most of this new PepsiCo management had either left the company or been moved to a different division. In addition, Kyle Craig, who was named president of KFCs US operations in 1990, left in 1994 to join Boston Market (Wright, p. 434). 5. Recent contractual disputes with franchisees in the United States. This is also an example of the conflicting cultures of KFC and PepsiCo. KFCs franchisees had been used to little interference from corporate offices. In 1989, the CEO announced new contract changes the first in thirteen years. The new contract gave PepsiCo management greater power to take over weak franchises, to relocate restaurants, and to make changes in existing restaurants (Wright, p. 434). The franchisees protested these changes and the relationship between the corporate KFC and the franchisees in the United States have been strained ever since this announcement (Wright, p. 434). Opportunities Opportunities represent external finding which can enhance a company’s performance. Opportunities that KFC can take advantage of are as follows: 1. The Mexican market, which offers a large customer base, lesser competition, and close proximity to the US. The growth in the fast-food industry is limited due to the aggressive pace of the growth in the 70’s and 80’s. As a result, the market is saturated and the cost of finding prime locations is rising. With the higher cost of the initial investment, the new restaurants are pressured to increase per-restaurant sales. Many companies are realizing that in order for them to grow they need to pursue foreign market. One of the potentially profitable markets is Mexico. Mexico has over 91 million people and growing. This give companies a huge customer base to work with. Also, the companies are able to take advantage of the close proximity to the US. The transportation cost to Mexico compared to other countries is very minimal. Despite the advantages, US companies in general have not expanded much in the Mexican market compared to European or Asian market. Therefore, the companies can expect lesser competition when expanding in Mexico. 2. Peso devaluation has made it less expensive for US to buy assets in Mexico. US companies are able to invest less money in buying assets in Mexico due to favorable exchange rate. This opportunity gives the companies a reduced risk in investing in Mexico. Also, the companies that are already in Mexico are able to import raw materials at a favorable rate by converting dollars into peso. 3. Dual branding helps to appeal to the wider customer base and also provide higher profit. This strategy helps to improve economies of scale within its restaurant operations. For many companies that own more than one fast-food chain, dual branding is an ideal way to expand quickly and increase profit. The companies no longer need to wait for the store to be built or spend time and money looking for the location. By adding a brand to the existing fast-food store, the companies are able to expand quickly and for less money. The companies are also capitalizing on the increased customer base due to the increased menu offering. Increased profit is another benefit of dual branding. The companies are enjoying higher profit due to the low cost in expanding and the reduced advertising dollar spent by advertising the two chains together. 4. New franchise laws in Mexico give fast food chains the opportunity to expand their restaurant bases. In January 1990, Mexico passed a law that favored franchise expansion. The law provided for the protection of technology transferred into Mexico. The law also allowed royalties. Before 1990, there was no protection for patents, information, and technology transferred to the Mexican franchise. Also, before the new law royalties were not allowed. This resulted in higher number of the company owned fast-food chains rather than the franchises in Mexico. However, with the new law, the companies are given an opportunity to benefit from selling franchises. The fast-food chains are now able to expand to other regions of Mexico by selling franchises to individuals rather than keep building company owned stores in centralized locations to keep the operation simple and effective. 5. Australian opportunity Growth in international profits were highest in Australia, which is now KFC’s largest international market. 6. New distribution channels offer a significant growth opportunity. Especially in the last few years, consumers are demanding fast food in non-traditional locations, such as shopping malls, universities, hospitals, and other high-traffic areas. Consumers are demanding greater convenience when purchasing. The locations listed above are some of the most popular non-traditional locations that could be exploited by a fast-food chain. The fast-food chains are recording high sales in those areas due to high-traffic. Consequently, the companies are constantly looking and testing for new high-traffic locations to expand. Threats Threats to a company are those business characteristics that endanger the company’s position within its industry as well as jeopardize its profits. The threats that KFC faced with include the following: 1. Saturation of the US market. According to the National Restaurant Association (NRA), food-service sales in 1995 will hit $289. 7 billion for the U. S. restaurant industry. The NRA estimates the sales in the fast-food segment of the food industry will grow 7. 2% to approximately $93 billion in the United States in 1995, up from $87 million in 1994. Although the restaurant industry has outpaced the overall economy in recent years, there are indications that the U. S. market is slowly becoming saturated. 2. Increasing competition and rising sales of substitute products. Faced by slowed sales growth in the fast-food industry, other segments of the industry have turned to new menu offerings. McDonald’s introduced its McChicken sandwich in the US market in 1989. Jack in the Box has introduced chicken and teriyaki with rice. Domino’s has introduced chicken wings to its menu. Pizza Hut has tried marinated, rotisserie-cooked chicken. 3. Changing preferences of consumers. During the 1980s, consumers began to demand healthier foods and KFC was faced with a limited menu consisting mainly of fried foods. In order to reduce KFC’s image as a fried chicken chain, it changed its logo from Kentucky Fried Chicken to KFC in 1991. In 1992, KFC introduced Oriental Wings, Popcorn Chicken, and Honey BBQ Chicken as alternatives to its Original Recipe fried chicken. In 1993, KFC rolled out its Rotisserie Chicken and began to promote its lunch and dinner buffet. 4. Obstacles associated with expansion in Mexico. One of KFC’s primary concerns is the stability of Mexico’s labor markets. Labor is relatively plentiful and cheap in Mexico, though much of the work force is still relatively unskilled. While KFC benefits from lower labor costs, labor unrest, low job retention, absenteeism, and punctuality continue to be significant problems. Though absenteeism is on the decline due to job security fears, it is still high, at approximately eight to fourteen percent of the labor force. Turnover also continues to be a problem. Turnover of production line personnel is currently running at five percent per month. Therefore, employee screening and internal training continue to be important issues for foreign firms investing in Mexico. Another area of concern for KFC has been the increased political turmoil in Mexico during the last several years. For example, on January 1, 1994, the day NAFTA went into effect, rebels (descendants of the Mayans) rebelled in the southern Mexican province of Chiapas on the Guatemalan border. Around 150 people were killed. The peso crisis of 1995 and resulting recession in Mexico left KFC managers with a great deal of uncertainty regarding Mexico’s economic and political future. KFC’s approach to investment in Mexico is to approach it conservatively, until greater economic and political stability is achieved.